Why Cytokines & ELISA Kits Are Important in Cytokine Release Syndrome Studies
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) may result from several trigger events such as CAR-T treatment, certain medications, pathogenic infection, or autoimmune diseases. Activated immune cells release inflammatory cytokines and an inflammatory feedback loop occurs. The exact mechanism of the immune response and development of CRS is related to the type of trigger event, the initial immune response, and individuals’ immune landscape. Exreprotein offers a range of premium recombinant cytokines for studying the mechanisms of cell activation and signaling responses, while our ELISA kits measure the secreted cytokines from immune cell models involving the key inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with CRS.
Key Factors in Studying CRS
Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
Immune Cell Growth & Activation Factors
These cytokines stimulate T cells, NK cells, and myeloid populations, fueling expansion and activation that underlie CRS. While crucial in the immune response, their overproduction can accelerate systemic inflammation: IL-2, IL-15, GM-CSF, Flt-3 Ligand
Chemokines
Anti-inflammatory Cytokines
IL-10 acts as a natural brake on inflammation, dampening IL-6, TNF-α, and other cytokines during CRS. Its presence is often compensatory, and monitoring IL-10 helps assess the balance between pro-inflammatory and regulatory signals: IL-10
Cytotoxic Effectors
Granzyme B is released by cytotoxic T and NK cells, marking direct immune attack on target cells. In CRS, its elevated levels highlight the role of cytolytic activity in fueling systemic immune activation and tissue damage: Granzyme B
Acute-phase Markers
C-reactive Protein (CRP) is a downstream biomarker induced by IL-6 signaling, reflecting systemic inflammation in CRS. While not a cytokine, it is one of the most widely used indicators of CRS response: CRS
Exceptional Recombinant Cytokines from Exreprotein
Our premium cytokines feature:
- High-bioactivity: validated in relevant bioassays
- High purity
- Low endotoxin levels
- Tag-free design
- Rigorous Quality Control: consistent and reproducible results between lots
- Developed in-house: full control of all processes at our facility in Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Looking for More ELISA Kit Options?
Exreprotein offers complete ELISA kits to get results quickly and accurately. Â Our ELISA kits contain precoated plates and all the reagents required to perform an ELISA. Our ELISA kits are suitable for serum, plasma and cell culture supernates.
✓ Quick assay time. Optimized protocol for accurate results.
✓ Specificity for target protein. Selected matched antibody pairs.
✓ High reproducibility. Low % CVs.
✓ Sensitivity in low pg/mL
Bulk Sizes
Are you looking to scale up the recombinant proteins in your project? We can provide bulk quantities of our recombinant proteins. Request a quote to receive more information on lead times and discounted pricing.
Custom Protein Expression and Purification
Our protein development experts are ready to assist on your next custom protein project. We will collaborate with you to define the scope and requirements, from cloning and expression to purification, quality control, and delivery of the final product. We offer multiple expression platforms and can scale up production to bulk quantities, all from our facility in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Learn more.
